什麼是NWP，他為什磨重要？

氣象的從業人員聽到NWP，一定以為是Numerical Weather Prediction（數值天氣預報）。

在氣候變遷領域裡，講的是Nairobi Working Programme。（奈洛比工作計畫）

這是一個UNFCCC底下的一個全球性的工作計畫，講的是有關衝擊、脆弱度和調適（Impact, Vulnerability, Adaptation）的工作計畫，期程為2005~2010。

The Nairobi work programme (NWP) is undertaken under the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) of the UNFCCC. Its objective is to assist all Parties, in particular developing countries, including the least developed countries and small island developing States to: improve their understanding and assessment of impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change; and make informed decisions on practical adaptation actions and measures to respond to climate change on a sound scientific, technical and socio-economic basis, taking into account current and future climate change and variability.

NWP有什麼重要性？

看看NWP的9個主要工作目標（見以下參考資料），幾乎涵蓋了這幾年來國內在推動氣候變遷調適的主要工作內容。包含在氣候變遷資料、氣候模式、降尺度技術、極端氣候風險、調適方法、科研與技術發展以及強化社會經濟面相的脆弱度與回復力評估...等。因此了解NWP的進展與成果，對國內推動氣候變遷調適相關工作，有其重要性。

1. Methods and tools（方法和工具），Developing and disseminating methodologies and tools for impact and vulnerability assessments and adaptation planning, measures and actions.
2. Data and observations（資料和觀測），Improving collection, management, exchange, access to and use of observational data and other relevant information on current and historical climate variability and change.
3. Climate modelling, scenarios and downscaling（氣候模式、情境與降尺度），Promoting the development of, access to, and use of information and data on projected climate change.
4. Climate related risks and extreme events（氣候風險與極端事件），Promoting understanding of impacts and vulnerability, emphasizing current and future climate variability and extreme events, and the implications for sustainable development. 
5. Socio-economic information（社會經濟資訊），Improving knowledge of the socio-economic aspects of climate change and promoting the integration of socio-economic information into impact and vulnerability assessments.
6. Adaptation planning and practices（調適規劃與實踐），Collecting, analyzing and disseminating information on past and current practical adaptation actions and measures, including projects, short- and long-term strategies, and local and indigenous knowledge. This is done through facilitating communication and cooperation between stakeholders.
7. Research（研究），Promoting research on adaptation practices and options, analyzing opportunities and ways to promote research on adaptive capacities and adaptation practices that increase resilience.
8. Technologies for adaptation（調適技術），Promoting the development and diffusion of technologies, know-how, and practices for adaptation. 
9. Economic diversification（經濟多樣化），Promoting understanding and the development and dissemination of ways to increase economic resilience and decrease reliance on vulnerable economic sectors. 

NWP有什麼成果？

經過了10年的努力，超過250組織、機構、商業部門以及社團加入這個計畫，累積了大量的氣候變遷衝擊、脆弱度與調適的相關成果，如重大發展方向決議、重要技術報告、研討會與會一資料、資料整合平台、知識庫...等。雖然內容有些是低度發展國家（LDC）或是小島國家（SIDC），其中許多資訊對發展中國家也是非常有用。

奈洛比工作計畫的相關成果可參考以下網頁：

UNFCCC Nairobi Working Programme